USC
University of Southern California
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Courses of Instruction

History (HIST)

The terms indicated are expected but are not guaranteed. For the courses offered during any given term, consult the Schedule of Classes.

101gm The Ancient World (4, Irregular) Achievements of the near East, Greece, and Rome with emphasis on the development of ideas, arts, and institutions which have influenced modern man.

102g Medieval Civilization (4, FaSp) Development of European civilization from the third through 14th centuries, with particular attention given to intellectual and religious elements.

103g The Emergence of Modern Europe (4, Fa) Political, intellectual, and cultural developments in Europe, 1300-1815. Renaissance and Reformation; absolute monarchy, scientific changes, and Enlightenment; French Revolution and Napoleon.

104g Europe and Its Influence Since 1750: From the Rise of Democracy to the Age of Extremes (4, Sp) Political, socioeconomic, and cultural transformation of Europe since 1815; aftermath of the French Revolution.

105g The Korean Past (4) A topical and chronological study of the major political, social, and intellectual forces that have shaped the history of Korea.

106g Chinese Lives: An Introduction to Chinese History (4, FaSp) Study of the lives of selected individuals who have helped to shape Chinese politics and culture.

107g Japanese History (4, FaSp) Japan from the earliest times to the present; social, cultural, and political dimensions.

195 Selected Themes and Topics in History (4, Irregular) Study of special historical themes and topics through readings, lectures, discussions, and supervised writings.

200g The American Experience (4, FaSpSm) Patterns of American development from Colonial times to the present.

215g Business and Labor in America (4, Fa) Expansion of business enterprise from colonial merchants to modern corporations; evolution of the labor force from artisans to skilled and unskilled industrial workers. Concurrent enrollment: WRIT 140.

225g Film, Power, and American History (4, Sp) U.S. motion pictures as both a response to and comment upon major events, problems, and themes in 20th century America. Concurrent enrollment: WRIT 140.

235g War and the American Experience (4, Fa) Comparative historical analysis of the American experience of war: war decision-making processes; evolution of strategy and tactics; the political, economic, and social effects of war. Concurrent enrollment: WRIT 140.

245gm Gender and Sexualities in American History (4) An investigation of the nature of femininities and masculinities over the course of U.S. history; including topics like women's rights, birth control, abortion, and gay/lesbian liberation. Concurrent enrollment: WRIT 140.

265g Understanding Race and Sex Historically (4, Sp) To introduce students to historical consideration of the difficult contemporary topics of sexuality and race globally. Concurrent enrollment: WRIT 140.

270 From Goddesses to Witches: Women in Premodern Europe (4, Sp) Social, cultural and political contexts of women's spiritualities in Europe from the Paleolithic to the Reformation. Topics include: goddess-worship; Christian and Jewish contexts; male attitudes.

272 Native History and Historians: Mexico and Peru to 1615 (4, Fa) Introduction to Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica and the Andes, the causes and consequences of the Spanish conquest, and the establishment of colonial societies and economics.

275g The Worlds of the Silk Road (4, Sp) Exploration of the two millennia of economic exchanges and cross cultural interaction between Asia and Europe.

300 Approaches to History (4, FaSp) Approaches to history; intellectual and personal dimensions of the historian's work. Required of all history majors.

301g The Greek World (4, Sm) The social, cultural, intellectual and political history of Greece from Homer to the rise of Islam. Interaction of Greek and non-Greek cultures in the Mediterranean, Middle East and Europe. Recommended preparation: HIST 101.

304 Introduction to Psychohistory (4, Sp) Introduction to the psychoanalytic interpretation of history at theoretical, methodological, and clinical levels, emphasizing biographical studies and the analysis of mass movements.

306 The Early Middle Ages (4) Survey of European civilization in the Early Middle Ages.

308 Britain and Ireland to 1200 C.E. (4, Fa) Anglo-Saxon and Celtic societies from the Iron Age to the Norman Invasions. Topics include: King Arthur, epics, sagas, Christianization, kingship, women, economic development and Vikings. (Duplicates credit in former HIST 430.)

311 France and Europe in the Age of Louis XIV (4, Irregular) Political, social, and cultural developments in Europe from 1598 to 1715, with special emphasis on France.

312 The Age of the French Revolution and Napoleon (4, Fa) Europe in the Old Regime; causes and course of the French Revolution; rise of Napoleon; revolutionary impact on Europe, 1715-1815.

313 France and the French from Napoleon to Mitterand (4, Irregular) Social, cultural, and political history of France from 1789 to the present.

316 The Renaissance (4, Irregular) The flowering of arts, literature, and learning at the end of the Middle Ages.

317gm North American Indians in American Public Life (4, Irregular) (Enroll in ANTH 316gm)

318 Early American Indian History (4, Sp) Relations of European settlers with native Americans from the 16th into the early 19th centuries; cultural contacts, trade and eventual conflicts.

320 Russian and Soviet Rebels: The Moral Dilemma and the Continuity of Dissent (4, Irregular) The ethical foundations and the intellectual dimensions of philosophical, social, religious, artistic, and political dissent in Russia from the 14th century until the present.

324g Islam in Russia and the Soviet Union (4, Sp) Cultural cohesiveness and ethnic diversity of Islam in the USSR; nature and effect of government policies aimed at the integration of Islam into the state.

326 History of England and Great Britain since 1603 (4, Irregular) Political, constitutional, intellectual, and social developments from the Stuarts to the present.

328 Poland and the Western Tradition (4, 2 years, Irregular) Polish civilization from the 10th century to the present, with special emphasis upon the participation of Poland in the currents of the European tradition.

329 Madness and Society in the Modern Age (4) The shifting place of insanity and "the mad" in Europe and the United States from the French Revolution to the anti-psychiatry movement.

330 Drugs, Disease, and Medicine in History (4, Irregular) An overview of the role played by disease and the health sciences in history.

331 The British Empire: 1588-1834 (4, Sp) Emergence of the British Empire, emphasizing colonies in the Americas; the development of imperial economy, imperial wars, slavery and abolitionism.

332 British Empire from the Mid-19th Century (4, FaSp) Political and economic development of the British Empire since Victoria; rise of the British Commonwealth.

333 Korea: The Modern Transformation (4, Sp) Examination of selected topics on Korea's transition to the modern era; focus on the traditional roots of 20th century developments.

335 History of Japan to 1550 (4, Irregular) Growth of Japanese civilization from the mythological "age of the gods" through the feudal "age of the samurai"; foundations of a great Asian power.

336 History of Japan, 1550-1945 (4, Irregular) Development of Japan as a modern world power; tradition and change in Japanese life; impact of Western culture, politics, and diplomacy from 1550 to 1945.

337 Japan Since 1945 (4, Irregular) Survey of the impact of World War II, American occupation, and rapid economic growth on Japan's politics, society, economy, and culture; Japan as a post-modern nation.

338 China to 960 A.D. (4, Irregular) The origins of China's distinctive civilization; cultural and political ferment in the late Chou; the greatness of Han and T'ang.

339 China, 960-1800 A.D. (4, Irregular) Politics and culture under the Sung; Mongols, Manchus, and other invaders; the golden autumn of a great civilization.

340 History of China Since 1800 (4, Sp) Western impact and dynastic decline; problems of the Chinese Republic; nationalism and communism.

341 American Social History (4, Irregular) The social history of the American peoples from Colonial times until the 20th century, to include industrialization, urbanization, women, families, workers, immigration, ethnicity, racism, radicalism.

343 Work, Leisure, and Violence in Industrializing America (4, Irregular) Rise of industrial America from 18th to 20th centuries: changing work ethics, rise of factories, women workers, mass leisure, consumer culture, urban and industrial violence.

344 The Vietnam War, 1945-1975 (4, SpSm) Analysis of causes, conduct, and consequences of war in Southeast Asia; of participants' experiences; and of post-war debate.

345 Men and Women in United States History from the 1920s to the Present (4) Investigation of the roles and relationships of men and women in American society and culture from the era of the "flapper" to the era of the "yuppie."

346 American Intellectual History (4, Sp) Study of major American ideas and values as reflected in philosophy, political and economic thought, religion, and social movements.

347 Urbanization in the American Experience (4, Irregular) The American city in interdisciplinary perspective; emphasis on growth and change in relation to architecture, urban planning, demography, and ethnic politics.

348 The Dynamics of American Capitalism (4, Irregular) Economic growth and institutional change in American capitalism from the Colonial era to the present.

349 Colonial North America 1600-1760 (4, Fa) Colonial history of United States area, Canada, and Caribbean to 1760; Indians, European migration, plantation complexes, Puritan colonies, African slave migration, creole culture, borderlands, wars for empire.

350 American Standard of Living: 1600 to the Present (4, Fa) Socioeconomic history of material life: Indian experience, colonial diet, urbanization and slums, industrial households, 1920s durables revolution, installment credit, Depression, postwar boom, advertising, international comparisons.

351 The American Revolution (4, Fa) Origins, course and consequences of the American Revolution; the post-war establishment of the Constitution.

352 The American Civil War (4, Irregular) The causes, course, campaigns, and consequences of the American Civil War, 1861-1865.

354 Mexican Migration to the United States (4, 2 years, Fa) Mexican migration from the 1850s to the present, emphasizing labor migrants to the United States.

355 The African-American Experience (4, Fa) An historical and social analysis of the African-American experience from Colonial times to the present. (Duplicates credit in former HIST 250).

356 The Old South (4, Irregular) The South from Colonial days to 1860; slavery, the plantation system, politics; important social and economic problems.

357 The New South (4, Irregular) Economic and political change, racial problems, society, and culture in the American south from 1877 to the present.

360 19th Century U.S. History (4, Sp) The social, political, and economic history of the United States from the formation of the Constitution to 1900.

361 20th Century U.S. History (4, Fa) Critical turning points in the 20th century; sources of major social and political change. Course materials include primary documents and historic radio/television recordings.

363 Foundations of American Foreign Policy, 1776 to the Present (4, Sp) Evolution of American principles, roles and policies in international relations from the founding of the republic to the present.

365 The Second World War (4, 2 years, Sp) Comparative analysis of the Second World War as a major transforming event of the 20th century. Its causes, conduct, and consequences for humanity.

370 Spanish America, 1492-1821 (4, Sp) Topics in Spanish colonialism in Americas, with a focus on how religious, sexual, and racial differences shaped colonial policies and practices.

372 Modern Latin America (4, Sp) Exploration of major themes and events in Latin American history from independence to the present. Upper division standing.

374 History of Mexico (4, Fa) The native cultures of Meso-America; colonial government, economy, and society; independence and 19th century liberalism; the Mexican revolution, 1910 to 1950. (Duplicates credit in former HIST 450.)

378m Introduction to Asian American History (4, Fa) Comparative examination of the social, economic, and political experiences of Asian immigrants and their descendants in the U.S., 1840s-present.

380 American Popular Culture (4, Sp) Rise of popular culture (sports, amusement parks, movies, and television) and its significance in American society from mid 19th century to the present. (Duplicates credit in former HIST 255.)

381 Cinema and History (4, Irregular) Examines film as a means to narrate the past; treats the question of genre: epic, docudrama, the biopic, the music, adaptation, and such issues as authenticity and infotainment.

386 American Legal History (4, Sp) An introduction to the study of law from a historical perspective; explores the interaction of law, culture, and politics from the Revolution through the New Deal.

390 Special Problems (1-4) Supervised, individual studies. No more than one registration permitted. Enrollment by petition only.

401 The Roman World (4, Fa) Rome at the crossroads of Europe and the Mediterranean; the rise of Rome to world power; social, cultural and political history of Republic and Empire.

403 Carolingian Europe (4) Political, religious, and intellectual culture of Europe in the 8th and 9th centuries.

404 Seminar in Korean History (4, Irregular) Exploration of issues and sources in Korean history; work on an individual research paper through an incremental process.

405 Intellectual History of the Middle Ages (4, Irregular) Literature, philosophy, science, theology, and educational systems of western Europe from the time of the church fathers to the 14th century.

406 Special Periods in Medieval History (4, Irregular) Intensive study of selected periods.

407 Europe in the 10th Century (4) Political, religious, and intellectual culture of Europe in the 10th century and beyond.

409 The Norman Conquest of England, 1066 (4) Political, religious, and intellectual culture of England and the continent in the 11th and 12th centuries.

410 The Age of Humanism and Reformation (4, Irregular) The thought, art, politics, and religion of western Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries; emphasis on the contribution of Christian humanism.

413 The Age of Revolution (4, Irregular) The French and industrial revolutions and their interaction in 19th century Europe.

414 Contemporary Europe (4, Irregular) World War I and its aftermath; challenge of new culture values; World War II; problems of postwar adjustment.

415 Medieval and Early Modern Russia (4, 2 years, Fa) The politics, society, and culture of medieval and early modern Russia; the emergence of empire and the roots of its Eurasian identity.

416 History of Imperial Russia: 1689-1917 (4, Sp) The evolution of imperial society, politics and culture from Peter the Great to the Bolshevik Revolution. The dilemmas of identity in a multinational empire.

417 History of Soviet Russia: 1917-1991 (4, 2 years, Fa) The birth of the totalitarian regime, the emergence of the superpower and the socioeconomic, political and cultural developments that culminate in its demise.

419 Poland and Its Neighbors in the Middle Ages (4, 2 years, Sp) Polish politics, society, and culture in relation to its regional neighbors, especially Bohemia and Hungary, from the 10th to the end of the 15th century.

420 European Intellectual and Cultural History: The 19th Century, 1790-1870 (4) Intellectual and cultural trends of 19th century Europe, including Romanticism, Conservatism, Liberalism, Socialism and Evolutionary Theory.

421 European Intellectual and Cultural History: The Turn of the Century 1880-1920 (4) Intellectual and cultural trends of turn-of-the-century Europe, including the avant-garde, the crisis of positivism, psychoanalysis and gender theory.

422 European Intellectual and Cultural History: The 20th Century, 1920 to the Present (4, Irregular) Intellectual and cultural trends of contemporary Europe, including Dadaism, Surrealism, Western Marxism, Fascism, Existentialism and Structuralism.

424 Family, Work, and Leisure in Russian History (4, Irregular) Children and parents, love and marriage, work and leisure in the Russian village and city before and after the Revolution.

425 The Era of the First World War (4, FaSp) The background, causes, course, and aftermath of the First World War, with attention to the events in the United Kingdom and continental Europe. Prerequisite: HIST 104, HIST 413, HIST 414, or departmental approval.

426 Gender, Family, and Society in Europe and the United States, 1500-Present (4, 2 years, Sp) Changing social, economic, and cultural functions of the family and the roles of men, women, and children from pre-industrial times to the present in Europe and the United States.

427 The German Question: Nation and Identity in Modern Central Europe (4) A seminar on the making, unmaking and remaking of the German nation-state, with particular attention to issues of race, class and gender in German identity.

428 Life and Death in Nazi Germany (4) Social, cultural and medical history of Nazi Germany, emphasizing the Nazi vision of a racially pure national community. Recommended preparation: some European history.

429 Street Life: Urban Culture in Modern Europe (4, Sp) The 19th and 20th century European city as social artifact, cultural setting and object of fascination for its contemporary inhabitants.

432 Britain in the 18th Century (4) Political, social, and cultural aspects of British life from the accession of George I to about 1820.

433 Industrializing Britain (4, Fa) Britain in the age of industrialization, examining gender, social, cultural, political, economic and racial aspects of its history. Upper division standing.

434 Modern Britain (4) The rise and decline of Britain in the 20th century, its changing social and racial profile, and its changing economic role in a global perspective. Upper division standing.

440 Early Modern World History (4, Fa) Comparative patterns of historical change around the world, from ca. 1500 to ca. 1800.

441 Modern World History (4, Sp) Comparative patterns of historical change around the world, from ca. 1800 to the present.

445 Comparative History and Theory of Fascism and Nazism (4, Fa) Analysis and comparison of Italian Fascism and German Nazism in national and international contexts; recent historiographic debates.

451 The Mexican Revolution (4, 2 years, Sp) The roots, trajectory and outcome of the Mexican revolution of 1910.

455 Advanced Topics in African-American History (4, Sp) Exploration of African-American history through primary and secondary sources employing a colloquium format with an emphasis on shared responsibility for comprehensive discussion and analysis. Upper division or graduate standing.

456 Race, Slavery, and the Making of the Atlantic World (4, FaSp) Introduction to the literature of the Atlantic World with a focus on slavery and its role in the emergence of the modern era. Seminar enrollment limited to 15 students.

457 The American West (4, Irregular) The nation's westward movement from Colonial times to the present, with emphasis on the frontier's effect on American life and institutions.

458 History of California (4, Fa) Exploration, colonization, and development of Hispanic California; coming of the Americans; political, economic, and cultural development of California since its acquisition by the United States.

461 19th Century American Thought (4, Fa) Major American thinkers from Emerson and Margaret Fuller to William James and W.E.B. DuBois, with emphasis on race, religion, politics, and gender.

462 20th Century American Thought (4, Fa) Major American thinkers from John Dewey and Jane Addams to Martin Luther King and Richard Rorty, with emphasis on race, religion, politics, and gender.

464 Culture, Money, and Power: Japanese-American Relations Since 1853 (4, Sp) Examination of the role of cultural, economic, and military forces in shaping relations between two of the most important nations in the Asia/Pacific regions. Recommended preparation: HIST 363 or appropriate International Relations course.

465 America in the Cold War World, 1945-1991 (4, Fa) America's role in the Cold War and the impact of that conflict on its people, society and culture.

470 The Spanish Inquisition in the Early Modern Hispanic World (4, 2 years, Fa) The Spanish Inquisition in Spain and Colonial Latin America, major theories and interpretations. Junior or senior standing recommended.

472 History of the Mexican-American (4, Irregular) Racial and cultural background of Mexico, 1519-1900; immigration and conquest; the Mexican in California and the southwest. The rise of contemporary Mexican-American consciousness.

473 Colonial Latin America Seminar (4, Sp) The history of colonial Latin America, focusing on the transformation of native Americans and Europeans into participants in a new colonial tradition. Upper division standing. (Duplicates credit in former HIST 371).

474 Colonial Latin America Gender and Women's History (4, 2 years, Sp) Seminar overview of the historical literature on women, gender, and sexuality in colonial Latin America.

478 The United States, 1789-1850 (4, Irregular) The nation during the first six decades; development of American institutions; constitutional growth, expansion, sectionalism, and the Mexican War; the Compromise of 1850.

481 Producing Film Histories (4, Sp) History of film form and its institutions. Students will produce an original written or multimedia research project.

482 Jesus in American History and Culture (4, Sp) The place of Jesus Christ in diverse American cultures from colonial times to the present: Jesus as cultural icon, secular inspiration, Christian Son of God.

484 The United States, 1919-1939 (4, Irregular) Postwar reaction and the Twenties; the Great Depression and the New Deal; diplomacy between the wars.

487 The United States since 1939 (4, Irregular) A survey of the accelerating changes that transformed the nation's domestic life and revolutionized America's role in world affairs.

490x Directed Research (2-8, max 8, FaSp) Individual research and readings. Not available for graduate credit. Prerequisite: departmental approval.

492 Honors Thesis (4, Sp) Writing of the honors thesis; for students in the History Honors Program.

493 Quantitative Historical Analysis (4, Sp) Reading and doing quantitative research with historical data. Covers research designs, appropriate statistical analysis, and software packages for the use of historians.

494 Seminar in New Historical Writing (4, 2 years, Fa) Historical writing experiments combining historical specificity with more fluid approaches to time, characterization and objectivity associated with 20th century artists.

495 American Lives: Biography and Autobiography in the United States Past (4) The history of the United States seen through the lives of individuals, including Thomas Jefferson, Jane Addams, Malcolm X, and Marilyn Monroe.

498 Seminar on Selected Historical Topics (4, max 8, FaSp) Advanced study in historical analysis and writing on selected topics and themes. Seminar enrollment limited to 15 students. Recommended preparation: HIST 300.

499 Special Topics (2-4, max 8, Irregular)

500 Introduction to Graduate Historical Studies (4, Fa) Techniques, theories, and sub-disciplines of history.

501 Studies in Greek History (4, Irregular) Readings and discussions of major problems, issues, and interpretations in Greek history.

503 Studies in Roman History (4, Irregular) Readings and discussions of major problems, issues, and interpretations of Roman history.

505 Studies in Early Medieval History (4, Irregular) Intensive study of subjects selected from the early Middle Ages, emphasizing source material, bibliography, and historiographic problems.

506 Studies in Later Medieval History (4, Irregular) Intensive study of subjects selected from the later Middle Ages, emphasizing source material, bibliography, and historiographic problems.

508 Studies in the Renaissance (4) Europe in the Renaissance: sources; secondary bibliography; and historiography.

509 Studies in the Reformation (4) Readings, reports, and discussions of major problems, issues, and interpretations of the Reformation.

510 Studies in Early Modern European History (4, Irregular) Readings of major interpretive studies on the 17th and 18th centuries.

514 Studies in Modern European History, 1789-1914 (4, Fa) Readings and current bibliography in the history of Europe from the French Revolution to the outbreak of World War I; emphasis on cultural history approaches.

515 Studies in Modern European History: Europe's 20th Century (4, Fa) Readings in the history and historiography of Europe in the 20th century.

516 Studies in European Modernism (4) Readings and analyses of European Modernism in the period between 1850 and 1920.

517 Studies in Russian History (4, Irregular) Readings, discussions, and student papers in modern Russian history.

520 Modernity and Its Visual Cultures (4, Sp) Western visual culture 1850-1930: historical background of changes in high and popular culture, technological reproducibility, display and spectacularization; recent literature and theoretical approaches.

525 Studies in British History (4, Irregular) Selected topics in English and British Empire history with emphasis on the 19th and 20th centuries.

535 Studies in Japanese History (4, Irregular) Selected topics in historical problems dealing with Japan.

536 Studies in Chinese History (2 or 4, Irregular) Selected topics in historical problems dealing with China. Prerequisite: HIST 340.

540 Studies in Modern East Asian History (4, max 8, Irregular) Readings and analysis of a particular theme in modern Asian history, focusing on broad comparative issues like cultural identity, colonialism, nationalism, revolution, or interstate relations.

542 War in History (4, Fa) The evolution of ideas, technologies, and institutions for conduct and control of organized violence in Europe, Asia, and America from ancient times to the present.

550 Studies in the History of Women, Gender and Sexuality (4, max 8, Irregular) Readings and current bibliography in the history of women, gender and sexuality.

553 Studies in Psychohistory (4, Sm) Studies in Freudian and neo-Freudian theory and its applications to the study of history.

555 Studies in the American West (4) Zones of contact -- physical, economic, political, ecological, symbolic, cultural, metaphorical -- between peoples "west" of the Eurasian land mass since the rise of capitalist global expansion.

561 Historiography of Colonial Mexico (4, Fa) Introduction to the historiography of Colonial Mexico from 1500 to 1821.

565 Studies in American International History (4, FaSm) Readings and analyses of American policies, roles and principles in their interaction with peoples and nations of the world.

570 Historical Scholarship on Pre-1860 North America (4) Graduate level introduction to influential scholarly research in the fields of colonial, early national, and mid-19th century North American history prior to the United States Civil War. Graduate standing.

571 Historical Scholarship on Post-1860 United States (4) Graduate level introduction to influential scholarly research in the fields of late 19th and 20th century United States history.

575 Studies in 19th Century United States History (4, max 8, 2 years, Fa) Intensive readings and bibliography in the Early National, Jacksonian, Civil War, and Post-Civil War periods.

581 Studies in American Economic and Business History (4, Irregular) Economic growth patterns and institutional change in the development of modern business organizations from colonial times to the present.

582 Studies in American Working-Class History (4, Irregular) American working-class life from colonial era to present. Topics include analyses of pre-industrial and industrial transformations; labor movement; leisure; politics; gender; race; ethnicity.

583 Studies in Urban History (4) Readings and analyses in the rise of the city and the impact of urbanization from the colonial era to the present.

584 Seminar in American Social History (4, Irregular) Creation of communities and societies; industrialization, urbanization, working class life; families, women, ethnicity; immigration; racism; mobility; reform and radicalism, leisure.

585 Studies in 20th Century American History (4, 2 years, Fa) Readings and analyses in social and political problems, movements, and issues.

586 Studies in American Intellectual and Cultural History (4, Irregular) Readings, analyses, and discussion of selected topics relating to the history of American thought and the arts.

587 Studies in the Politics of American Popular Culture (4) Selected themes, theories, and key works in the politics of American popular culture.

590 Directed Research (1-12, FaSpSm) Research leading to the master's degree. Maximum units which may be applied to the degree to be determined by the department. Graded CR/NC.

592 Historiography (4, Sm) Historical criticism; form and mechanics of presenting research; writers of history, their works and philosophies; theories of historical development.

593 The Art of Historical Writing (4, Sp) An analysis of conventional forms of historical representation and the artistic and scientific challenges to them. Laboratory training in innovative forms of historical writing will be stressed.

594abz Master's Thesis (2-2-0, FaSp) Credit on acceptance of thesis. Graded IP/CR/NC.

601 Introductory Core Seminar (4, Sp) Required first seminar for graduate students in all fields of history.

602 Seminar in Ancient History (2 or 4, max 8, Irregular) Directed research in historical problems.

605 Seminar in Medieval European History (2 or 4, max 8, Irregular) Directed research in historical problems.

609 Seminar in the Renaissance (2 or 4, max 8) Directed research in historical problems of 14th and 15th century European history.

610 Seminar in Early Modern European History (2 or 4, max 8, Irregular) Directed research in historical problems concerning the 17th and 18th centuries.

615 Seminar in Modern European History (2 or 4, max 8, Irregular) Directed research in historical problems dealing with Europe since 1789.

617 Seminar in Russian History (2 or 4, max 8, Irregular) Directed research in historical problems.

620 Research Seminar on Modern Visual Culture (4, Fa) A research seminar focusing on Western visual culture since the mid-18th century. Recommended preparation: HIST 520.

625 Seminar in English and British Empire History (2 or 4, max 8) Directed research in historical problems.

630 Seminar in Japanese History (2 or 4, max 8, Irregular) Directed research in historical problems.

635 Seminar in Chinese History (2 or 4, max 8, Irregular) Directed research in historical problems. Prerequisite: HIST 340.

642 Seminar in Military and Naval History (4, max 8, 2 years, Sp) Advanced reading and research on selected topics in the history of violence in Europe, Asia, and America, from ancient times to the present. Prerequisite: HIST 542 or departmental approval.

650 Seminar on Women's and Family History (4, max 8, Sp) Readings, discussions, and directed research on women's and family histories.

655 Seminar in Western American History (2 or 4, max 8) Selected topics in the history of the American frontier and the West.

670 Illness and Healing in the Modern World (4, Sp) Illness and healing in Europe and the Americas since 1492, especially the changing clinical and cultural definitions and responses to disease and ailments.

673 Seminar in Early North American History (4, max 8) Primary research on issues related to the history of the colonial and early national periods with an emphasis on areas that became the United States.

675 Seminar in 19th Century United States History (4, max 8, 2 years, Sp) Research in historical problems of the Antebellum, Civil War, and Post-Civil War periods.

680 Seminar in 20th Century United States History (4, max 8, 2 years, Fa) Directed research in historical problems of the Reform, World War I, interwar, World War II, and Post-War periods.

682 Seminar in American Working-Class History (4, max 8) Primary research in American working-class history; requirements include writing an original research paper on topic of student's choice. Prerequisite: HIST 582 or HIST 584, or departmental approval.

683 Seminar in American Urban History (2 or 4, max 8) Directed research in historical problems of American cities.

684 Seminar in American International History (4, max 8, Sp) Research in selected topics pertaining to America's interaction with peoples and nations of the world.

688 Seminar in American Economic and Business History (2 or 4, max 8)

790 Research (1-12, FaSpSm) Research leading to the doctorate. Maximum units which may be applied to the degree to be determined by the department. Graded CR/NC.

794abcdz Doctoral Dissertation (2-2-2-2-0, FaSp) Credit on acceptance of dissertation. Graded IP/CR/NC.