PDF reflects print version of the catalogue (beginning to Economics)Graduate Degrees
Degree Programs in Biology
Graduate students may apply to one of six programs of study within the Department of Biological Sciences at the time of their admission to graduate study, all of which lead to a Ph.D. degree: marine environmental biology and neurobiology; molecular biology; computational biology and bioinformatics; integrative evolutionary biology; and neuroscience (please refer to the neuroscience section of the Catalogue). The six programs emphasize different levels of biological organization and consequently may require somewhat different undergraduate preparation. The department does not accept applicants for the terminal master's degree programs.Biology
The graduate programs in biology provide education and training of biologists interested in living systems ranging from cellular to ecosystem levels of organization, investigated by laboratory or fieldwork. Courses and faculty research interests allow a multidisciplinary approach. Three Ph.D. programs are offered in biology: marine environmental biology (MEB), neurobiology, and integrative and evolutionary biology (IEB). A number of additional research areas are provided by adjunct faculty from other institutions, including the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles and the House Ear Institute. Students develop the ability to formulate and test hypotheses, integrating information and concepts in the completion of a dissertation (Ph.D.). A guidance committee is formed for each student during the first year to develop a particular program of course work and research, and to evaluate the student's progress. Specific information about the options in Biological Sciences can be obtained by requesting marine environmental biology, neurobiology, and integrative and evolutionary information brochures.Admission Requirements
Applicants must have a bachelor's degree in a natural science (preferably biology) from an accredited four year college or university, or in mathematics or engineering; required background courses include organic chemistry, general physics and mathematics through integral calculus. Applicants are evaluated by their transcripts and GPA; scores on the GRE General Test; three letters of recommendation; and a statement of interest. A faculty member must serve as initial sponsor and advisor for admission to MEB and IEB; neurobiology students are required to complete at least two laboratory rotations in their first year. Applicants who are accepted but judged to have minor deficiencies are expected to correct them within the first year.Degree Requirements
These degrees are awarded under the jurisdiction of the Graduate School. Refer to the Requirements for Graduation section and the Graduate School for general regulations. All courses applied toward the degrees must be courses accepted by the Graduate School.Master of Science in Biology
The M.S. degree program in biology is a terminal degree for students admitted into the MEB, neurobiology, or IEB Ph.D. programs who cannot complete the Ph.D. degree program for personal or medical reasons.The M.S. degree program is a non-thesis program but a paper, based on the student's original research investigation of a selected program in biology, constitutes one of the requirements. Each student must take 7-8 units of biology graduate core courses (BISC 582, BISC 584 and BISC 585) or neurobiology courses (NEUR 524 and either NEUR 531 or NEUR 532), two seminars and additional graduate courses or research units for a minimum of 24 units. Students also must satisfy the residency and other requirements of the Graduate School. Further details of these requirements are contained within each graduate program's particular requirements and policies.
Master of Science in Marine Environmental Biology
The Master of Science degree in Marine Environmental Biology (MEB) is designed to provide admitted students with a rigorous, quantitative and focused introduction to the burgeoning fields and breadth of topics in marine environmental biology/chemistry, geobiology, oceanography, conservation biology and population dynamics (depending upon the concentration selected). MEB provides students with independent research experiences that satisfy their own specific interests. The program is intended to position and stimulate students for possible advanced study leading to a Ph.D. in one of the areas stated above, and/or provide a unique facet to the background of a prospective medical student. The program will also provide fundamental tools and expertise for entry into a master's level position in academic, government or private sector research laboratories. It will prepare students interested in governmental and non-government (NGO) environmental regulatory science and forge career pathways into private sector positions in environmental consulting and business.Applicants must possess a cumulative and science GPA of 3.0 or higher and have the following courses completed prior to admission: one year of introductory biology, one semester of molecular biology, one semester of biochemistry, one year of general chemistry, and one year of organic chemistry. All of the above must carry labs and be available for major credit in the natural sciences at a four-year college or university.
Applicants interested in using course work completed while an undergraduate may apply for the progressive master's degree as early as their junior year.
| Core Courses | Units | |
|---|---|---|
| BISC 582 | Advanced Biological Oceanography | 4 |
| BISC 585 | Scientific Writing and Reviewing | 2 |
| BISC 590 | Directed Research | 4 |
| Completion of two semesters of: | ||
| BISC 529 | Seminar in Marine Biology | 1-1 |
| Core Seminar Elective | Units | |
|---|---|---|
| Completion of one advanced seminar from among BISC 530, BISC 531, BISC 532, BISC 533, BISC 534, BISC 535, BISC 536 | 2 | |
| Graduate Elective Requirement | units | |
|---|---|---|
| Eighteen units chosen from the following list, of which 8 units must be within the Department of Biological Sciences (BISC), and no more than 8 units can be at the 400-level. | ||
| BISC 403 | Advanced Molecular Biology | 4 |
| BISC 419 | Environmental Microbiology | 4 |
| BISC 431L | Aquatic Microbiology – Catalina Semester | 4 |
| BISC 435 | Advanced Biochemistry | 4 |
| BISC 437L | Comparative Physiology of Animals | 4 |
| BISC 445L | Fundamentals of Vertebrate Biology | 4 |
| BISC 447L | Island Biogeography and Field Ecology | 4 |
| BISC 450L | Principles of Immunology | 4 |
| BISC 455L | Molecular Approaches to Microbial Diversity – Catalina Semester | 4 |
| BISC 460 | Seminar in Marine and Environmental Biology | 2, max 4 |
| BISC 469L | Marine Biology | 4 |
| BISC 473L | Biological Oceanography | 4 |
| BISC 474L | Ecosystem Function and Earth Systems | 4 |
| BISC 483 | Geobiology and Astrobiology | 4 |
| BISC 502ab | Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry | 4-4 |
| BISC 510ab | Integrative and Evolutionary Biology | 4-4 |
| BISC 530 | Advanced Seminar in Plankton Biology | 2 |
| BISC 531 | Advanced Seminar on the Physiology of Marine Organisms | 2 |
| BISC 532 | Advanced Seminar in Molecular and Microbial Ecology | 2 |
| BISC 533 | Advanced Seminar in Remote Sensing and Modeling | 2 |
| BISC 534 | Advanced Seminar in Population Genetics of Marine Organisms | 2 |
| BISC 536 | Advanced Seminar in Marine Biogeochemistry | 2 |
| BISC 584 | Faculty Lecture Series | 2 |
| CE 443 | Environmental Chemistry | 3 |
| CE 463L | Water Chemistry and Analysis | 3 |
| CE 503 | Microbiology for Environmental Engineers | 3 |
| CE 513L | Instrumental Methods for Environmental Analysis | 3 |
| GEOG 587 | GPS/GIS Field Techniques | 4 |
| GEOL 412 | Oceans, Climate, and the Environment | 3 |
| GEOL 460L | Geochemistry and Hydrogeology | 3 |
| GEOL 500 | Marine Paleoecology | 3 |
| GEOL 501 | Paleobiology | 3 |
| GEOL 514 | Marine Geology | 3 |
| GEOL 555 | Paleoceanography | 3 |
| GEOL 560 | Marine Geochemistry | 3 |
| GEOL 564 | Isotope Geochemistry | 3 |
| GEOL 567 | Stable Isotope Geochemistry | 3 |
| GEOL 577 | Micropaleontology | 3 |
| OS 512 | Introduction to Chemical and Physical Oceanography | 3 |
| PPD 694 | Coastal Policy and Planning | 4 |
Doctor of Philosophy in Biology
Students pursuing this degree choose between three broad areas of specialization, marine environmental biology, neurobiology or integrative and evolutionary biology. Each option specifies particular course work and other requirements. A minimum total of 60 units is required, consisting of formal courses, seminars and research credit. At least 24 of the minimum 60 total units required are to be formal graduate course work (lecture or seminar courses). Candidates must also pass a screening examination to determine competence and point out deficiencies, fulfill a research tool requirement (computer skills, biostatistics, quantitative chemistry), and meet the residency and other requirements of the Graduate School. Because teaching experience is considered to be an important part of graduate training, each student is required to serve at least two semesters as a teaching assistant within the department.Before the end of the fifth semester, each student must pass a written and oral qualifying examination given by the student's guidance committee. The written part involves answering a number of questions at length. The oral part is in the area of the student's intended research, based on a project selected and developed by the student into a written proposition. After passing the qualifying examination, the student completes the research investigation and any other requirements under the guidance of the research advisor who also chairs the dissertation committee. The student then writes a dissertation, which must be defended by the student before committee approval.
Marine Environmental Biology
Application deadline: January 15In the marine environmental biology option, each student receives a general background in marine sciences and obtains in-depth specialization in a research area of his or her choosing. Each student's curriculum is fitted to the particular needs and demands of the chosen research field. The 24 units of formal course work must include the following: BISC 529 (4), BISC 582 (4), BISC 584 (2), BISC 585 (2), four advanced graduate seminars (8) and a statistics course approved by the student's advisor.
Neurobiology
Application deadline: December 15The neurobiology option provides each student with a broad, fundamental background in neurobiology and with detailed knowledge and expertise in the chosen area of concentration. The Ph.D. neurobiology concentration requires the following courses: two of three (NEUR 531, NEUR 532 or BISC 426) and NEUR 538 plus NEUR 539 (1 unit per semester for four semesters). An additional 24 units of graduate course work according to the Graduate School are required. Courses in related disciplines of neuroscience, such as computational or cognitive neuroscience, are not required, but may be taken as electives.
Courses in genomics, molecular biology, integrative and evolutionary biology and biomedical engineering are also available as electives for students interested in bridging the interface between neurobiology and these disciplines. Students also must satisfy the residency and other requirements of the Graduate School. Further details of these requirements are contained within each graduate program's particular requirements and policies.
Integrative and Evolutionary Biology
Application deadline: December 15The integrative and evolutionary biology option is designed to provide each student with a broad, fundamental background in integrative and evolutionary biology (IEB) coupled with detailed knowledge and expertise in the chosen area of concentration. The core of the course work in integrative and evolutionary biology consists of a two-semester course (BISC 510ab) that is taken by all first-year graduate students. Faculty members also teach a variety of advanced courses and seminars on specialized research topics each semester. In addition, a range of courses in areas relating to IEB are available in various departments on the University Park and Health Sciences campuses.
Course Requirements Each student's curriculum is tailored to the particular interests of the individual and the needs and demands of the chosen research field. The 24 units of formal course work must include 12 units of specified course work (a two-semester core sequence, BISC 510ab and seminar, BISC 549, minimum 4 units) and 12 units of advanced electives chosen in consultation with the student's advisor.
Elective Courses The content of elective courses changes from semester to semester according to the interests of students and faculty. These courses are worth 2, 3 or 4 units, and are offered in biological sciences, anthropology, kinesiology, psychology, molecular biology, computer science, gerontology, cell and neurobiology and other relevant departments.
Qualifying Examination By the end of the third semester, students should choose a committee consisting of four "inside" IEB faculty and one "outside" faculty member. This committee will conduct the qualifying exam and provide guidance during dissertation research. The chair of the committee will serve as the principal advisor. Students should consult extensively with each committee member regarding subjects to be covered in the exam.
The qualifying exam consists of written and oral parts. Both parts must be finished before the end of the fifth semester. For the written exam, the advisor will obtain two to three questions from each of the four inside faculty. Three suggested formats are: write a brief review of a specific topic; summarize, critically evaluate and synthesize a large body of knowledge; or devise an experiment to test a hypothesis.
The oral exam consists of a defense of written questions and will be conducted within a month of the written part of the qualifying exam. The exam will consist of a critical defense of the written response to questions. The oral exam may also be used to tell whether weaknesses that were identified in the written exam have been corrected.
Doctoral Dissertation The dissertation is based on original, publishable and significant research conducted independently by the student under the guidance of the dissertation committee.
Molecular and Computational Biology
This program is designed to train the participants intensively in the concepts and experimental methodologies of molecular biology and biochemistry. The subject matter is organized in an integrated fashion (lectures, seminars and laboratory) to present fundamental information on the biochemistry, biophysics, genetics and development of cells from a variety of different organisms. Primary emphasis is on the relationship between structure and function at different integrative and functional levels. The program offers a Ph.D. in Molecular Biology and a Ph.D. in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics. Applications may be obtained from: Graduate Programs Manager, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089-0371 or college.usc.edu/bisc/molecular/home.Admission Requirements
Applicants are expected to have a bachelor's degree or equivalent in a cognate area such as biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, bacteriology, computer science, or bioinformatics. Undergraduate work should include a basic course in biology, basic physics, physical chemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry and calculus. Students who are deficient in any of these may be required to correct the deficiency during the first two years of graduate study. Courses taken to correct these deficiencies are usually not credited toward the degree. The student must submit letters of recommendation from at least three faculty members who can evaluate the promise of the student for graduate work and independent research. The applicant must take the GRE General Test prior to acceptance.Degree Requirements
These degrees are awarded under the jurisdiction of the Graduate School. Refer to the Requirements for Requirements for Graduation section and the Graduate School section of this catalogue for general regulations. All courses applied toward the degrees must be courses accepted by the Graduate School.Master of Science in Molecular and Computational Biology
The study of molecular biology places so many demands upon the student that it is difficult to attain any satisfactory level of competence in the time generally taken for a master's degree. Therefore, enrollment of graduate students as master's degree applicants is not encouraged and is reserved for special circumstances. The curriculum of the master's student is patterned after that of the doctorate up to and including the qualifying examination, but not including thesis research. The qualifying examination will serve as the comprehensive master's examination.Doctor of Philosophy in Molecular Biology
Application deadline: January 1During the first year, the student's program is under the direction of an initial guidance committee composed of members of the committee on admissions to the program. Before the end of the second semester a permanent guidance committee, chaired by the student's research director, is established. Thereafter, the student's program of studies and dissertation is under the direction of the permanent guidance committee and the dissertation committee.
Screening Procedure
In the third semester the student's progress is discussed and evaluated by the guidance committee. The purpose of this evaluation is to determine competence to continue graduate study, and to point out deficiencies to be remedied prior to the qualifying examination.Course Requirements
A minimum of 24 of the 60 units required for the Ph.D. degree must be in formal course work, exclusive of research. These must include the core courses, BISC 502a and BISC 502b, to be completed in the first year with a B average. Additionally, students will register for BISC 504L (3-3) in both semesters. In the fall semester of the second year, students will choose an additional 4-unit, 400- or 500-level course in consultation with their advisor. Students must participate in molecular biology seminars. Other courses may be chosen, in consultation with the program chair, from graduate offerings of this and other departments.Language Requirement
Students in the graduate program in molecular biology are not required to pass a foreign language examination.Qualifying Examination
The examinations qualifying the student for candidacy for the Ph.D. in molecular biology must be initiated in the second semester of the second year. The first part is written and consists of comprehensive questions covering the student's knowledge of prokaryotic and eukaryotic molecular biology and developmental biology or genomics. The second part is an oral examination. It consists of general questions and the presentation and defense of a proposition outlining a research program, which must be in a field other than the student's immediate research interest. This examination sequence must be completed by the end of the fifth semester of the program.Doctoral Dissertation
The dissertation is based on original, publishable, and significant research conducted independently by the student under the guidance of the dissertation committee.Defense of the Dissertation
The defense of the dissertation is either a defense oral or a final oral. In most cases a defense oral will suffice if approved by the dissertation committee.Student Teaching
Since most graduates in biological sciences will spend some part of their careers in academic work, teaching experience is considered an important part of graduate training. Each graduate student in the program is therefore required to assist in the teaching program of the Department of Biological Sciences.Doctor of Philosophy in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
Application deadline: December 15During the first year, the student's program is under the direction of an initial guidance committee composed of members of the admissions committee. After passing the screening procedure before the end of the first semester, the student must form a guidance committee consisting of an advisor and four other faculty members, including at least one from another department. Thereafter, the student's program of studies and dissertation are under the direction of the permanent guidance committee and the dissertation committee.
Screening Procedure
The screening examination should be taken by the end of the second semester in the program. If the student fails the examination, the department, at its discretion, may permit the student to take it again during the next semester. The screening examination consists of written examinations on topics including molecular biology, mathematical probability and statistics.Course Requirements
The student must complete, with no grade lower than a B, a minimum of 60 units of courses carrying graduate credit and approved by the guidance committee. The required courses include: BISC 502a, CSCI 570, MATH 505a, MATH 541a, MATH 578ab, MATH 650. An additional 6 units of elective courses will be taken in consultation with the student's advisor. Students must register for a minimum of 4 units of dissertation research (BISC 794ab).Transfer of Credit
No transfer of credit will be considered until the screening examination is passed. A maximum of 30 units of graduate work at another institution may be applied toward the course requirements for the Ph.D. A grade of B- (A = 4.0) or lower will not be accepted and, at most, two grades of B will be accepted. A Ph.D. candidate may petition the department for transfer of additional credit, after he or she passes the qualifying examination.Qualifying Examination
The qualifying examination should be taken within two semesters following successful completion of the screening examination.The written portion of the qualifying examination consists of a dissertation proposal. This document should include: introduction, statement of the problem, literature survey, methodology, summary of preliminary results, proposed research, references, appendix (including one or two fundamental references).
The oral portion of the qualifying examination consists of presentation of the Ph.D. dissertation proposal. The student must demonstrate research potential.
Dissertation
Following passage of the screening examination and approval of a dissertation topic by the guidance committee, the student begins research toward the dissertation under the supervision of the dissertation committee. The primary requirement of the Ph.D. is an acceptable dissertation based on a substantial amount of original research conducted by the student.Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative and Evolutionary Biology
Application deadline: December 15This program of study is designed to provide each student with a broad, fundamental background in integrative and evolutionary biology (IEB) coupled with detailed knowledge and expertise in the chosen area of concentration. The core of the course work in integrative and evolutionary biology consists of a two-semester course (BISC 510ab) that is taken by all first-year graduate students. Various faculty members also give a variety of advanced courses and seminars on specialized research topics each semester. In addition, a range of courses in areas relating to IEB are available in various departments on the University Park and Health Sciences campuses.
Course Requirements
Each student's curriculum is tailored to the particular interests of the individual and the needs and demands of the chosen research field. The 24 units of formal course work must include 12 units of specified course work (a two-semester core sequence, BISC 510ab and seminar, BISC 549, minimum 4 units) and 12 units of advanced electives chosen in consultation with the student's advisor.Elective Courses
The content of elective courses changes from semester to semester according to the interests of students and faculty. These courses are worth 2, 3 or 4 units, and are offered in biological sciences, anthropology, kinesiology, psychology, molecular biology, computer science, gerontology, cell and neurobiology and other relevant departments.Qualifying Examination
By the end of the third semester, students should choose a committee consisting of four "inside" IEB faculty and one "outside" faculty. This committee will conduct the qualifying exam and provide guidance during dissertation research. The chair of the committee will serve as the principle advisor. Students should consult extensively with each committee member regarding subjects to be covered in the exam.The qualifying exam consists of written and oral parts. Both parts must be finished before the end of the fifth semester. For the written exam, the advisor will obtain two to three questions from each of the four inside faculty. Three suggested formats are: 1) write a brief review of a specific topic; 2) summarize, critically evaluate and synthesize a large body of knowledge; 3) devise an experiment to test a hypothesis.
The oral exam consists of an oral defense of written questions and will be conducted within a month of the written part of the qualifying exam. The exam will consist of a critical defense of the written response to questions, so students should expect questions that relate to questions posted in the written part. The oral exam may also be used to tell whether weaknesses that were identified in the written exam have been corrected.