The School of Dentistry offers advanced dental education programs in endodontics, general practice residency, oral and maxillofacial surgery, pediatric dentistry, periodontology and prosthodontics, all leading to a certificate in a clinical specialty. The School of Dentistry in conjunction with the Graduate School also offers a combined program in orthodontics and craniofacial biology and in pediatric dentistry and craniofacial biology leading to a Master of Science degree and a certificate. In conjunction with the School of Medicine, the School of Dentistry offers a combined program leading to an M.D. degree and a certificate in oral and maxillofacial surgery. In addition to clinical seminars and clinical experience, students take basic science courses with advanced students from other departments.

The certificate curriculum consists of a core of basic science subjects plus clinical seminars and clinical experience. Elective subjects may also be selected by the student with the approval of the program director.

The estimated lengths of programs are as follows:

Endodontics, 24 months
General Practice Residency, 12 months
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 48 months
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/M.D., 72 months
Orthodontics, 36 months
Pediatric Dentistry, 24 or 36 months
Periodontology, 36 months
Prosthodontics, 24 months

Admission Requirements

Applicants must hold the Doctor of Dental Surgery or Doctor of Medical Dentistry degree and must present the appropriate degrees, approved transcripts and affidavits as prescribed by the Office of Dental Admissions and Minority Affairs.

Admission Procedures

Prospective students should request application forms from the Office of Dental Admissions. For selection and admission to the Orthodontic and Pediatric Dentistry Programs, applicants are required to take the Aptitude Section of the Graduate Record Examinations; a score of 1000 or above is desired for Pediatric Dentistry. For selection and admission for Orthodontics, a combined score (verbal and quantitative) of 1200 or better is required. The last acceptable test is in September of the year preceding desired admission. For further information regarding the GRE, applicants may contact a university in their area or write to: Testing Bureau, YWCA 104, University of Southern California, University Park, MC 0052, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0052.

A manual of preparation for this examination is available from ARCO Publishing Company, 219 Park Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003.

The following information is also required to complete the application: (1) a $50 application fee; (2) a 2 x 2 passport style photograph of the applicant; (3) one official copy of the applicant's dental school transcript with degree notation. Foreign transcripts and degree notations must be submitted with a certified English translation; (4) three letters of recommendation: (a) one from the program director or chairman of the specific graduate department applied to, or someone who is currently a pedodontist, orthodontist, etc.; (b) one from a full-time faculty member in the basic sciences; (c) a general character reference from applicant's superior in service, or an individual by whom he or she was employed; (5) board scores Part I and Part II for all programs; GRE scores are required for foreign graduates applying for the program in periodontology, and all applicants for the orthodontics and pediatric dentistry programs. These requirements may be waived at the discretion of the program director; (6) a biographical statement; (7) applicants may be asked to be available for an interview. If one is necessary, applicants will be contacted by the director of the individual advanced program; (8) applicants for General Practice Residency, Periodontology, Pediatric Dentistry and Oral Surgery programs must submit applicant agreement forms to the Postdoctoral Dental Matching Program; (9) applicants for the General Practice Residency, Pediatric Dentistry and Oral Surgery programs must also submit an application to the Postdoctoral Application Support Service (PASS). Applications and information are available at PASS, Suite 101, 1625 Massachusetts Ave. N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036-2212, (202) 332-8790; (10) applicants will be required to pay a non-refundable $500 tuition deposit upon notification of acceptance.

Timetable for Applications

Applications for admission to advanced programs must be received as follows:

Endodontics, November 1
Oral Surgery, September 15
Orthodontics, October 1
Pediatric Dentistry, October 15
Periodontology, October 1
General Practice Residency, October 15
Prosthodontics, November 1

Completed applications and related information are reviewed first by the faculty of the department of interest. In selecting applicants for admission the faculty considers academic records and personal qualifications. Final approval for admission rests with the advanced education coordinating committee. Responsibility for advising the student after admission rests with the department chair.

Orientation

A general orientation session is usually held the first week of classes. Incoming students are acquainted with the School of Dentistry, its policies, procedures, faculty and facilities. More specific orientations are offered by the individual programs.

Student Issue - Advanced Programs

Dental units in the school's clinics are equipped with midwest type tubing and couplers for low and high speed air hand pieces. Advanced students must provide their own adapters to fit the school's couplers unless the students' present hand pieces are already so modified. The Dental Bookstore will assist in such conversions, if necessary. The bookstore has some low speed air hand pieces available for rent.

Students are required to use School of Dentistry mobile cabinets. Arrangements can be made to rent these cabinets through the bookstore.

Students accepted into an advanced program should consult their program directors about needed equipment.

Advanced Endodontics

The advanced endodontics certificate program is a two-year course of study that begins the first of September each year. This program provides students with the background information and clinical experience necessary for a specialist in the practice of endodontics, and also offers activities in research and teacher-training for students interested in academic endodontics.

Emphasis is on the interaction of this specialty with other specialties and with general dentistry.

The program prepares its graduates for competency in five areas of endodontics: clinical, surgical, research, biological basis and teaching.

The program in endodontics is accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation, a specialized accrediting body recognized by the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation and the United States Department of Education.

Required Advanced Endodontics Curriculum

Required courses		Units
ADNT 701	Research Methodologies in Dentistry	2
ADNT 702	Physical Diagnosis	2
ADNT 704ab	Oral Biology	1-13 each
ADNT 710	Internship: Dental Education	1-5
AMED 750abc	Physical Evaluation and Anesthesia	2-2-1
ANAT 701	Advanced Head and Neck Anatomy	1
DHIS 701	Advanced Oral Histology	2
DMAT 701	Advanced Biomaterials	2
DPHR 701	Advanced Pharmacology	1
ENDO 521	Preclinical Endodontics	3
ENDO 701abcd	Seminar: Biological Basis of Endodontic Therapy	1-1-1-1
ENDO 702	Seminar: Advanced Clinical Endodontics	2
ENDO 703abcd	Seminar: Review of Endodontic Literature	1-1-1-1
ENDO 704ab	Seminar: Surgical Endodontics	2-2
ENDO 705ab	Seminar: Endodontic Case Presentation	4-4
ENDO 710	Seminar: Endodontic Practice Management	2
ENDO 711	Alternatives in Endodontics	4
ENDO 761abcdef	Clinic: Advanced Endodontics	1-9 each
ENDO 790	Directed Research: Endodontics	1-12
PTHL 601	Seminar: Advanced Oral Pathology	2

Advanced Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

The advanced education program in oral and maxillofacial surgery is a continuous 48-month course of study that prepares the graduate for the practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The program in oral surgery is accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation, a specialized accrediting body recognized by the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation and the United States Department of Education. The program also meets the requirements of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

The program is conducted at the School of Dentistry and at the LAC + USC Medical Center. The course provides graduates with the necessary background for certification by the American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Certificates are awarded upon successful completion of the 48-month course.

Required Advanced Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Curriculum

Required courses		Units
ADNT 702	Physical Diagnosis	2
ADNT 704c	Oral Biology	1
ADNT 710	Internship: Dental Education	1-5
ORTH 706	Surgical Orthodontics	(Audit)
PTHL 601	Seminar: Advanced Oral Pathology	2
PTHL 701	Clinicopathologic Conference	3-12
SURG 701ab	Seminar: Advanced Oral Surgery	2-2
SURG 702ab	Seminar: Review of Oral Surgery Literature	2-2
SURG 761abcd	Clinic: Advanced Oral Surgery	1-10 each
SURG 763abcd	Clinic: Advanced Hospital Oral Surgery and Anesthesia	1-10 each

Integrated M.D. Degree/Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Certificate Program

The USC Schools of Dentistry and Medicine offer a continuous 72-month integrated course of study leading to a medical degree in addition to a certificate in oral and maxillofacial surgery that prepares the graduate for the practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The program is fully integrated and will include advanced placement into the established medical school curriculum.

During the first three years, the student will function in the capacity of a medical student as well as a resident in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Program. After the completion of the medical school curriculum, the M.D. degree will be awarded. This is required before the student can continue in the specially designed surgical internship portion of the program. At the completion of the surgical internship, the student is qualified for medical licensure. During the fourth through sixth year, all required rotations and surgical training will be completed to fulfill the educational requirements of the Commission of Dental Accreditation of the American Dental Association and the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

The program is conducted at the Schools of Dentistry and Medicine and at the LAC + USC Medical Center. The course of study provides the graduates with the necessary background for certification by the American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery certificates are awarded upon successful completion of the entire 72-month course.

Advanced Orthodontics

The advanced orthodontics program offers two options: (1) A 36-month combined program leading to a Master of Science degree in craniofacial biology and a certificate in orthodontics. This program can also lead to a Ph.D. track for the interested student. The curriculum is designed to prepare students for academic careers as clinical scholars through the integration of the basic sciences with orthodontic education, as well as to provide the clinical experience necessary for the practice of orthodontics. (2) A 24-month program leading to a Certificate of Completion in Orthodontics is the second option. This program is designed to provide the background information and clinical experience necessary for the practice of orthodontics.

Students will be enrolled in the Advanced Orthodontics Program for either option. Students seeking the combined program will be enrolled in the Craniofacial Biology Program as well.

The program in advanced orthodontics is accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation, a specialized accrediting body recognized by the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation and the United States Department of Education and meets the educational requirement of the American Board of Orthodontists.

The School of Dentistry is no longer accepting applications for the 24-month certificate program.

Required Curriculum: Advanced Orthodontics/Craniofacial Biology Program

Required courses		Units
ADNT 705	Biomaterials in Developmental Dentistry	1
ADNT 710	Internship: Dental Education	1-5
AMED 750a	Physical Evaluation and Anesthesia	2
CBY 574	Statistical Methods in Bioexperimentation	3
CBY 575ab	Biologic Basis of Oral-Facial Disease	3-3
CBY 579	Craniofacial Molecular Genetics	4
CBY 583	Craniofacial Clinical Genetics	4
CBY 585	Systematic Approach to Scientific Writing	2
CBY 587	Cell and Molecular Biology of Craniofacial Tissues	3
CBY 590	Directed Research	3
CBY 594ab*	Thesis	2-2
CBY 671	Epistemology and Ethos of Bioscience	2
ORTH 701ab	Cephalometrics: Growth and Development	2-4 each
ORTH 702	Seminar: Review of Orthodontic Literature	5
ORTH 703abcdef	Seminar: Advanced Orthodontics	2-8 each
ORTH 704abc	Seminar: Orthodontics in Theory and Practice	2-2-2
ORTH 706	Surgical Orthodontics	2
ORTH 721	Biomechanics and Orthodontic Technic	8
ORTH 751abcdef	Clinic: Advanced Orthodontics	1-10 each
PEDO 772a	Clinic: Interceptive Orthodontics	3
PERI 752	Interdisciplinary Treatment: An Orthodontic Perspective	2

*Students will be re-enrolled in CBY 594b until completion of the thesis. Tuition will be charged in each trimester of enrollment beyond Summer Session II.

Required Curriculum: Advanced Orthodontics Certificate Program

Required courses		Units
ADNT 701	Research Methodologies in Dentistry	2
ADNT 705	Biomaterials in Developmental Dentistry	1
ADNT 706	Seminar: Diseases of Childhood	2
ADNT 707	Behavior of the Child Patient	2
ADNT 710	Internship: Dental Education	1-5
AMED 750a	Physical Evaluation and Anesthesia	2
ANAT 701	Advanced Head and Neck Anatomy	1
CBY 585	Systematic Approach to Scientific Writing	2
DHIS 701	Advanced Oral Histology	2
ORTH 701ab	Cephalometrics: Growth and Development	2-4 each
ORTH 702	Seminar: Review of Orthodontic Literature	5
ORTH 703abcdef	Seminar: Advanced Orthodontics	2-8 each
ORTH 704abc	Seminar: Orthodontics in Theory and Practice	2-2-2
ORTH 706	Surgical Orthodontics	2
ORTH 721	Biomechanics and Orthodontic Technic	8
ORTH 751abcde	Clinic: Advanced Orthodontics	1-10
ORTH 790	Directed Research: Orthodontics	1-12
PEDO 707	Seminar: Cleft Palate Rehabilitation	1-9

Advanced Pediatric Dentistry

The advanced pediatric dentistry certificate program is a 24-month course of study designed to provide students with the background information and clinical experience necessary for the practice of pediatric dentistry. Opportunities are also available for students interested in academic careers to engage in research and teacher-training activities. The program in pediatric dentistry is accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation, a specialized accrediting body recognized by the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation and the United States Department of Education. The program also meets the educational requirements of the American Board of Pedodontics.

First year studies emphasize advanced pediatric dentistry theory and clinical treatment of the normal child. Students develop a sound basis in genetics, growth and development, behavior management, physical evaluation, hospital dentistry, anesthesiology, research methodology, statistics, conscious sedation, orthodontics, prevention, pediatric dental literature and so on. Second year studies concentrate on dental care of children with physical, mental or emotional disorders. Over half of the students' time is spent as dental residents at Childrens Hospital and/or Rancho Los Amigos Hospital Students are exposed to operating room procedures, general anesthesia techniques, conscious sedation and medical disabilities and pathologies.

In addition to the two-year program, the advanced pediatric dentistry program offers a 36-month program directed toward training for certification in advanced pediatric dentistry and a Master of Science degree in Craniofacial Biology.

The purpose of this program is to prepare highly qualified specialists in pediatric dentistry who can assume leadership positions in dental education, service to the community, dental research and dental care for the developmentally disabled, medically compromised or handicapped. The structured curriculum of this three-year program offers a strong didactic component in basic biological science and in clinical sciences as well as intensive clinical dental care to infants, children, adolescents or individuals who are developmentally disabled, medically compromised or handicapped.

Interaction with medical and non-medical professionals, with patients, hospitals and the community is experienced through interdisciplinary training that consists of clinical evaluations and treatment of the physical, mental, social and educational problems of patients. Newer knowledge is acquired by conducting an original supervised research thesis project. This project is then presented to the faculty and at other professional meetings and/or in publication.

Academic and clinical performance is continuously monitored and recorded.

An individual who elects to apply to the combined program in Craniofacial Biology and Advanced Pediatric Dentistry would submit a simultaneous application to the School of Dentistry and the Graduate School. See the Craniofacial Biology section of this catalogue for further information. The first year of the program would be spent in craniofacial biology and the second and third years spent in the Pediatric Dentistry Program. After successful completion of the Craniofacial Biology Program the student would be reviewed by the Pediatric Dentistry Admissions Committee and admitted into the certificate program. The student must satisfactorily complete the Master of Science Program to be eligible for the Pediatric Dentistry Program.

Required Advanced Pediatric Dentistry Curriculum

Required courses		Units
ADNT 701	Research Methodologies in Dentistry	2
ADNT 704ab	Oral Biology	1-13
ADNT 706	Seminar: Diseases of Childhood	2
ADNT 707	Behavior of the Child Patient	2
ADNT 710	Internship: Dental Education	1-5
AMED 750abc	Physical Evaluation and Anesthesia	2-2-1
DMAT 701	Advanced Biomaterials	2
DPHR 701	Advanced Pharmacology	1
PEDO 701ab	Seminar: Advanced Pediatric Dentistry	8-15 each
PEDO 702ab	Comprehensive Review of Pediatric Dentistry	5-7 each
PEDO 703abcde	Seminar: Interceptive Orthodontics	2-5 each
PEDO 704ab	Prevention in Pediatric Dentistry	2-2
PEDO 705	Pediatric Diseases	2
PEDO 706	Dental Care for Pediatric Patients with Disabilities	2
PEDO 707	Seminar: Cleft Palate Rehabilitation	1-9
PEDO 721	Pediatric Physical Evaluation	2
PEDO 761abcde*	Clinic: Advanced Pediatric Dentistry	2-10 each
PEDO 771abcdef*	Clinic: Hospital Pediatric Dentistry	2-15 each
PEDO 772abcd	Clinic: Interceptive Orthodontics	1-3 each
PEDO 773	Hospital Pediatric Clinics	2-4
PEDO 774	Clinical Genetics in Pediatric Dentistry	9
PEDO 790ab	Directed Research: Pediatric Dentistry	1-6 each

*In addition to the required courses, a combined minimum of 36 units of PEDO 761 and PEDO 771 must be satisfactorily completed, as directed by the program director.

Advanced Periodontology

The advanced periodontology certificate program is a 36-month, 180-unit course of study designed to prepare postdoctoral students for clinical practice. The program in periodontology is accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation, a specialized accrediting body recognized by the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation and the United States Department of Education. The program also meets the educational requirements of the American Board of Periodontology. A specialty certificate in periodontics will be awarded upon successful completion of the program.

The curriculum provides a sound foundation in those basic sciences and medical subjects which apply directly to clinical periodontics. Emphasis is placed on the interaction of periodontics with other specialties and general dentistry. The central theme of the curriculum is that periodontology is the science basic to all of clinical dentistry.

The program is structured to produce skilled periodontists with the technical and scientific abilities to provide periodontal services to the community and to prepare students for teaching careers. This program also provides a portion of the requirements necessary for an advanced degree in a basic science.

A core oral biology curriculum combined with fundamentals of physical diagnosis, anatomy, pathology, microbiology, research interpretation and design, and pharmacology constitute the biological foundation upon which the advanced postdoctoral student builds his or her skills. The program provides knowledge and clinical expertise in all types of periodontal treatments required for the practice of oral health care including the placement and care of implants. Clinical experience in pharmacosedation and treatment of special care patients is available for those who are interested in these fields.

The program faculty believes that graduates should be dedicated to the concept of being a continuous student and should contribute to periodontics and to dentistry by practice, education, publication and/or research.

Required Advanced Periodontology Curriculum

Required courses		Units
ADNT 701	Research Methodologies in Dentistry	2
ADNT 702	Physical Diagnosis	2
ADNT 703a-j	Seminar: Combined Treatment Planning	2 each
ADNT 704ab	Oral Biology	1-13 each
ADNT 710	Internship: Dental Education	1-5
AMED 750abc	Physical Evaluation and Anesthesia	2-2-1
ANAT 701	Advanced Head and Neck Anatomy	1
CBY 575a	Biologic Basis of Oral-Facial Disease	3
DHIS 701	Advanced Oral Histology	2
DPHR 701	Advanced Pharmacology	1
PERI 701ab	Seminar: Review of Current Periodontal Literature	2-3
PERI 702ab	Seminar: Periodontal Treatment Procedures	2-2
PERI 704a-j	Seminar: Periodontal Therapy	2 each
PERI 707	Seminar: Biological Basis of Periodontics	4
PERI 708	Seminar: Clinical Basis of Periodontics	4
PERI 709	Biochemical Aspects of Periodontal Disease	1
PERI 710	Clinical Periodontal Photography	1
PERI 711	Occlusal Therapy in Periodontics	2
PERI 713a-j	Treatment Planning in Periodontics	2 each
PERI 716ab	Seminar: Special Topics in Periodontal Disease	3-3
PERI 750	Advanced Periodontal Instrumentation	3
PERI 752	Interdisciplinary Treatment: An Orthodontic Perspective	2
PERI 761a-j	Clinic: Advanced Periodontics	1-10 each
PERI 790ab	Directed Research: Periodontics	1-6 each
PTHL 601	Seminar: Advanced Oral Pathology	2
REST 710abcd	Implant Dentistry	1-1-1-1
REST 782abcde	Clinic: Implant Prosthodontics	1-10 each

Advanced Prosthodontics

The program in advanced prosthodontics is a 24-month course of study designed to teach didactic and clinical skills leading to competency in the specialized practice of prosthodontics. The program provides a basic science foundation for clinical and technical skills, incorporating studies in physical diagnosis, anatomy, oral pathology, pharmacology and oral biology. Since proficiency in all elements of prosthodontics is required, equal emphasis is placed on fixed and removable prosthodontics. Periodontally compromised patients are frequently encountered, so the program is allied with the advanced program in periodontics and integrated patient care is stressed.

A research methodology course and a research project are required. Technical skills essential to prosthodontics are basic to specialty practice and this aspect is emphasized. Clinical experience in implant and didactic study in maxillofacial prosthetics are offered: students who want more experience in clinical care may devote more time to treating these patients. The program in advanced prosthodontics is accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation, a special accrediting body recognized by the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation and the United States Department of Education. The program also meets the requirements of the American Board of Prosthodontics. A certificate is awarded upon successful completion of the program.

Required Advanced Prosthodontics Curriculum

Required courses		Units
ADNT 701	Research Methodologies in Dentistry	2
ADNT 702	Physical Diagnosis	2
ADNT 703abcd	Seminar: Combined Treatment Planning	2-2-2-2
ADNT 704ab	Oral Biology	1-13 each
AMED 750abc	Physical Evaluation and Anesthesia	2-2-1
ANAT 701	Advanced Head and Neck Anatomy	1
CBY 575a	Biologic Basis of Oral-Facial Disease	3
DMAT 701	Advanced Biomaterials	2
DPHR 701	Advanced Pharmacology	1
PTHL 601	Seminar: Advanced Oral Pathology	2
REST 701	Orientation to Advanced Prosthodontics	5
REST 702abcd	Seminar: Treatment Planning	2-2-2-2
REST 703abcd	Seminar: Review of the Prosthodontic Literature: Fixed	1-1-1-1
REST 704abcd	Seminar: Review of the Prosthodontic Literature: Removable	1-1-1-1
REST 705	Advanced Fixed Prosthodontic Techniques	1
REST 706	Advanced Complete Denture Techniques	1
REST 708ab	Dental Ceramics, Color, Esthetics	2-2
REST 709ab	Seminar: Removable Partial Dentures	1-2
REST 710ab	Implant Dentistry	1-1
REST 712	Maxillofacial Prosthodontics	2
REST 721ab	Principles of Occlusion	2-2
REST 761abcdef	Clinic: Advanced Prosthodontics	1-10 each
REST 781	Clinic: Maxillofacial Prosthetics (Elective)	1-8
REST 782ab	Clinic: Implantology (Elective)	1-10 each
REST 790	Directed Research: Prosthodontics	1-12

General Practice Residency

The general practice residency program is a 12-month, full-time residency program designed in conformance with the guidelines of the Council on Dental Education and the Commission on Accreditation of the American Dental Association. A certificate is awarded upon satisfactory completion of the program.

The program is conducted primarily at the Los Angeles County + USC Medical Center, one of the nation's largest teaching hospitals. Training is also conducted at Children's Hospital of Los Angeles and at the School of Dentistry. Under supervision of the faculties of the Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, the resident rotates through oral surgery, emergency medicine, anesthesia, internal medicine, care for the handicapped and other disciplines. Approximately 60 percent of the resident's time is devoted to delivery of oral health care.

The program emphasizes the treatment of a wide range of oral health disorders, medical considerations related to dental care, the ability to treat medically compromised and handicapped patients and teaches how to provide dental care in a hospital environment. Residents receive a monthly stipend during their training program.

The program in general practice is accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation, a specialized accrediting body recognized by the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation and the United States Department of Education.

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